环境准备

操作系统需求

为兼容企业级应用，学习选用Centos7做为部署安装Docker的系统平台

# 通过以下命令可查看系统版本和内核版本等信息cat /etc/redhat-release#-----------------------------------CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) #-----------------------------------uname -a#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Linux docker01 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------cat /etc/os-release#------------------------------------------NAME="CentOS Linux"VERSION="7 (Core)"ID="centos"ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"VERSION_ID="7"PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"ANSI_COLOR="0;31"CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT="CentOS-7"CENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION="7"REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="centos"REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="7"#------------------------------------------

更换默认的yum源

Centos默认的yun源在国外，速度很慢有时间也无法访问

 

 

yum repolist#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Loaded plugins: fastestmirrorCould not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock error was14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"repo id                                                         repo name                                                          statusbase/7/x86_64                                                   CentOS-7 - Base                                                    0extras/7/x86_64                                                 CentOS-7 - Extras                                                  0updates/7/x86_64                                                CentOS-7 - Updates                                                 0repolist: 0#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------# 公司内服务器域名解析总有问题，时好时不好，很烦，这里直接用hosts做解析vi /etc/hosts#-------------------------------------221.206.129.236  mirrors.aliyun.com#-------------------------------------# 更换成aliyun yum源cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bakcurl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo# 编译CentOS-Base.repo，把带mirrors.aliyuncs.com的行都删除vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo# 运行以下命令生成缓存yum clean allyum makecache# 查看已启用的repo，确保centos-extras repository是启用了，安装docker时需要yum repolist#--------------------------------------------------------------------------Loaded plugins: fastestmirrorLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.aliyun.comrepo id                                  repo name                                                        statusbase/7/x86_64                            CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                             9,591extras/7/x86_64                          CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                             284updates/7/x86_64                         CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com                          1,540repolist: 11,415#--------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

更新系统(可选)

yum update

 

删除docker旧版本

# 有旧版本的docker话，可以用下面命令删除yum remove docker docker-common docker-selinux docker-engine

安装 Docker CE

yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repoyum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repoyum install -y docker-ce#--------------------------------------------------------------------------.......Installed:  docker-ce.x86_64 0:17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos                                                                                                                                    Dependency Installed:  audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.7.6-3.el7  checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-4.el7  container-selinux.noarch 2:2.28-1.git85ce147.el7  libcgroup.x86_64 0:0.41-13.el7  libseccomp.x86_64 0:2.3.1-3.el7  libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-8.el7  policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-17.1.el7  python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7      setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-1.1.el7       ......#--------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

若需要安装指定的版本时，可参照以下命令

# 根据需要选择是否开启edge和test repositoriesyum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-edgeyum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-test## 禁用命令yum-config-manager --disable docker-ce-edge## 安装指定的版本yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r#--------------------------------------------------------------------------Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfileLoaded plugins: fastestmirrorInstalled Packagesdocker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos            @docker-ce-stabledocker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable Available Packages#--------------------------------------------------------------------------yum install docker-ce-17.06.1.ce

 

启动docker

systemctl start docker# 查看docker的版本信息docker version#--------------------------------------------------------------------------Client: Version:      17.09.1-ce       # 客户端版本 API version:  1.32 Go version:   go1.8.3 Git commit:   19e2cf6 Built:        Thu Dec  7 22:23:40 2017 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64Server: Version:      17.09.1-ce       # 服务端版本 API version:  1.32 (minimum version 1.12) Go version:   go1.8.3 Git commit:   19e2cf6 Built:        Thu Dec  7 22:25:03 2017 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64 Experimental: false#--------------------------------------------------------------------------# 查看网络信息ip addr#--------------------------------------------------------------------------1: lo: 
      
        mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 ::1/128 scope host        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: ens160: 
       
         mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000    link/ether 00:50:56:ab:4c:50 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff    inet 10.240.4.185/24 brd 10.240.4.255 scope global ens160       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 fe80::250:56ff:feab:4c50/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever3: docker0: 
        
          mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN  # docker0 虚拟网桥    link/ether 02:42:72:ac:05:bf brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff    inet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global docker0       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 fe80::42:72ff:feac:5bf/64 scope link        valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever#--------------------------------------------------------------------------systemctl list-unit-files | grep docker#--------------------------------------------------------------------------docker.service                                disabled#--------------------------------------------------------------------------# 设置成自启服务systemctl enable docker.service# 查看状态systemctl status docker#--------------------------------------------------------------------------● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)   Active: active (running) since Tue 2017-12-12 17:24:31 CST; 13min ago     Docs: https://docs.docker.com Main PID: 23479 (dockerd)   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service           ├─23479 /usr/bin/dockerd           └─23490 docker-containerd -l unix:///var/run/docker/libcontainerd/docker-containerd.sock --metrics-interval=0 --start-timeout 2m --state-dir /var/run/docker/libco...Dec 12 17:24:29 docker01 dockerd[23479]: time="2017-12-12T17:24:29.594209004+08:00" level=info msg="libcontainerd: new containerd process, pid: 23490"Dec 12 17:24:30 docker01 dockerd[23479]: time="2017-12-12T17:24:30.596093094+08:00" level=warning msg="failed to rename /var/lib/docker/tmp for background deletio...chronously"Dec 12 17:24:30 docker01 dockerd[23479]: time="2017-12-12T17:24:30.654014669+08:00" level=info msg="Graph migration to content-addressability took 0.00 seconds"Dec 12 17:24:30 docker01 dockerd[23479]: time="2017-12-12T17:24:30.654714697+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start."Dec 12 17:24:30 docker01 dockerd[23479]: time="2017-12-12T17:24:30.852920366+08:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17...IP address"Dec 12 17:24:30 docker01 dockerd[23479]: time="2017-12-12T17:24:30.996504508+08:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done."Dec 12 17:24:31 docker01 dockerd[23479]: time="2017-12-12T17:24:31.004149257+08:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=19e2cf6 graphdriver(s)=overlay version=17.09.1-ceDec 12 17:24:31 docker01 dockerd[23479]: time="2017-12-12T17:24:31.004282017+08:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"Dec 12 17:24:31 docker01 dockerd[23479]: time="2017-12-12T17:24:31.015479108+08:00" level=info msg="API listen on /var/run/docker.sock"Dec 12 17:24:31 docker01 systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
        
       
      

运行hello-world image验证docker安装是否成功

docker run hello-world#--------------------------------------------------------------------------Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locallylatest: Pulling from library/hello-worldca4f61b1923c: Pull complete Digest: sha256:be0cd392e45be79ffeffa6b05338b98ebb16c87b255f48e297ec7f98e123905cStatus: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latestHello from Docker!This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.To generate this message, Docker took the following steps: 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon. 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.    (amd64) 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the    executable that produces the output you are currently reading. 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it    to your terminal.To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with: $ docker run -it ubuntu bashShare images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID: https://cloud.docker.com/For more examples and ideas, visit: https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/#-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

升级和卸载docker

# 升级yum -y upgrade docker-ce# 卸载yum remove docker-ce# 删除Images, containers, volumes, or customized configuration files rm -rf /var/lib/docker

 

使用阿里镜像加速器

使用阿里云专属加速器加快获取Docker官方镜像，否则在国内速度会慢到你无法忍受哒。步骤如下：

1. 免费注册一个阿里云账号 
2. 进入加速器页面 
3. 选择镜像加速器

按图中进行相关配置

# 下面的xxxxx要替换成你的专属加速器的地址哦tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'{  "registry-mirrors": ["https://xxxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]}EOFsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl restart docker